Risk Factors of avascular Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head in Children at the National Reference Center for Sickle Cell Disease in Brazzaville, Congo

Introduction: The avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head (AOFH) is a common complication sickle cell disease (SCD). It exposes to lameness and sometimes very debilitating handicap. source desocialization, particularly in developing countries where prosthetic surgery remains inaccessible majority. This survey aimed identify risk occurence AOFH.
 Materials Methods: was case-control study carried between october 2017 september 2021 at National Reference Center for SCD « Antoinette Sassou Nguesso » Brazzaville. concerned 31 children with clinical radiographic signs AOFH. Clinical (age diagnosis SCD, frequency vasoocclusive crises hospitalization crises, number blood transfusion) as well hematological examination (blood count intercritical period) hydroxyurea treatment were compared those 62 no chi2 statistical test odds ratio used comparison (P ˂ 0.05).
 Results: sex 1.38 versus 0.93 (p = 0.50). mean age diagnostic 3.76 ± 2.56 years 3.94 2.01 0.81). Logistic regression showed that AOFH had significantly higher rate annual VOC (4.16 1.18 vs 2.91 1.68; P 0.015), (3.74±1.65 1.45 1.28; 0.000) transfusions (3.38 2.69 2.42 2.32; 0.03).
 Conclusion: Emphasis should be placed on prevention early management acute complications SCD. role clarified by further work.